1. Laws, Regulations and Standards on Import and Export Food Safety

1.1 Laws

1.1.1 Law of the People’s Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity Inspection

1.1.2 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine

1.1.3 Law of the People's Republic of China on Animal Disease Prevention

1.1.4 Food Hygiene Law of the People's Republic of China

1.1.5 Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China

1.2 Regulations

1.2.1 Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant

Quarantine

1.2.2 Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity

Inspection

1.2.3 Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Veterinary Medicine

1.2.4 Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Feeding Fodder

1.2.5 Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Pesticides

1.2.6 Administrative Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Breeding Stock and Poultry

1.3 Regulations of Ministry

1.3.1 Animal Disease Control

1.3.1.1 Control Measures for report on animal epidemic situation (issued by Ministry of Agriculture on Oct 20th, 1999)

1.3.1.2 Control Measures for Inspection and Quarantine of Live Birds Supplied to Hong Kong and Macao (Order of AQSIQ No.26)

1.3.1.3 Specifications on State Animal Epidemic Situation of report and Forecast

1.3.1.4 State Emergency Provision On Prevention and Cure of HPAI

1.3.1.5 Notification regarding of issuing 7 important epizootic control technical protocols including Highly Pathogenic Avian

Influenza Control Technical Protocol ( MOA [2002] No. 74)

1.3.2 Hygiene and Safety control on Processing of Meat, Aquatic product and honey for export and import

1.3.2.1 Control Measures for Inspection and Quarantine of Meat for entry-exit (AQSIQ Announcement No. 26, 2002)

1.3.2.2 Regulation on Drug Usage Control for Export Chicken

1.3.2.3 Inspection and Quarantine requirements for Export Chicken and Chicken Products

1.3.2.4 Inspection and Quarantine Administrative Measures for Entry and Exit Aquatic Products (AQSIQ Announcement No. 31,

2002)

1.3.2.5 Inspection and Quarantine Administrative Measures on honey and honey Products for export (CIQ Announcement No. 20)

1.3.3 Administration on Registration of Food Establishments for Export

1.3.3.1 Administrative Regulation of Sanitary Registration for Food processing Establishment for Export (AQSIQ Announcement

No. 20)

1.3.3.2 Regulation on Administration of HACCP Management System Certification (CNCA Announcement No.3 2002)

1.3.3.3 Regulation for Administration of Domestic Manufacturers Regarding Food Export Registration in Foreign Countries (CNCA

Announcement No.15,2002)

1.3.3.4 Administrative Measures of registration on farm of eels for export

1.3.4 Residue Monitoring

1.3.4.1 Administrative Regulations on detailed rules for implementation of Veterinary drugs

1.3.4.2 Administrative Regulations for implementation of Pesticide (MOA ORDER No.20)

1.3.4.3 Special Renovation Plan on Drug residues of aquatic products

1.3.4.4 Quality Control Guideline for Analysis of Residues

1.3.4.5 Notice on MRLs of veterinary drugs in the foods of animal

1.3.5 Pathogen Control

1.3.5.1 Circular Letter on the Implementation of National Standards of Fresh, Frozen Poultry Products

1.3.5.2 Circular Letter on Further Strengthening Quality Controls of Exported Chicken Products

1.3.5.3 Emergency Circular on Further Strengthening AI Prevention and Identification

1.3.5.4 Circular Letter on Further Strengthening Quality Controls of the Import of Meat Products

1.3.5.5 Management of Quality Inspection, Supervision and Quarantine of the Import and Export of Meat Products

1.3.6 Sanitary Control in Processing and Storage of Foods for Export

1.3.6.1 Administrative Regulation of Sanitary Registration for Food processing Establishment for Export

1.3.6.2 Sanitation Criteria for Slaughtering and Processing Enterprises of meat Products, and ect.

1.3.6.3 Administrative measure of supervision on quality and safety of food Processing Enterprises

1.4 Standards

1.4.1  International Standards

1.4.1.1 Terrestrial Animal Health Code

1.4.1.2 Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals

1.4.1.3 Aquatic Animal Health Code

1.4.1.4 Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals

1.4.1.5 International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures

1.4.1.6 Relative standards of Codex Alimentarius Commission

1.4.2 Domestic standards (Some GB and SN)

1.4.2.1 GB 2707-1994 Hygiene standard for pork

1.4.2.1 GB 2710-1996 Hygienic standard for fresh (frozen) poultry

1.4.2.1 SN/T 0418—95 Rule for inspection of frozen rabbit meat for export

1.4.2.1 SN/T 0419—95 Rule for inspection of frozen chicken for export

1.4.2.1 SN/T 0384—95 Rule of the inspection of frozen prawn for export

2 Management  System

2.1 Organization

According to relevant Chinese laws and regulations, currently there are three governmental bodies involved in animal health,

animal and plant protection and food safety—General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the

People’s Republic of China (AQSIQ) , Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) and Ministry of Health.

2.1.1 General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China (AQSIQ)
AQSIQ is a ministerial body directly under the State Council, merged by the former State Administration for Entry-Exit

Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China and State Administration for Quality, Technology Supervision of

the People’s Republic of China in April 2001. The scope of responsibility of AQSIQ mainly covers national quality

supervision, equipment calibration, entry-exit commodity inspection, entry-exit sanitary quarantine, entry-exit quarantine of

animals and plants, certification and accreditation, standardization, etc. There are 15 departments under AQSIQ, excluding

the two institutions, Certification and Accreditation Administration of the People’s Republic of China and Standardization

Administration Committee of the People’s Republic of China, respectively responsible for the integration, coordination and

supervision of certification and accreditation, and standardization.

Currently AQSIQ has set up 35 CIQ bureaus and several Quality and Technology Supervision bureaus , whose operations,

personnel and properties are in its vertical integration. Under the 35 bureaus, there are 282 branches and 281 offices,

mainly located in different ports and goods distributing centers across the country. AQSIQ has 452 laboratories, 10,000 sets

of inspection and quarantine equipment, and a staff population of around 35,000, among whom 2,700 are full-time official

veterinarians and about 6,000 are responsible for entry-exit quarantine and quality inspection of animals and animal

products, issuing health certificates and supervision and control of food processing plants producing products for export.

2.1.2 Certification and Accreditation Administration of the People’s Republic of China (CNCA) is established by the State

Council, and is authorized by the State Council to exercise administrative responsibilities by undertaking unified

management, supervision and overall coordination of certification and accreditation activities across the country.

2.1.3 Ministry of Agriculture (MOA)

Bureau of Animal Production and Health is a department under the Ministry of Agriculture responsible for animal health and

veterinary public health in China. Its scope of responsibility includes animal disease prevention and diagnosis, epidemic

control and notification, veterinary drug management, residue control, quarantine of livestock and poultry and their

products, etc. It also exerts control and guidance on the work of animal production and health bureaus at provincial levels,

which are responsible for animal disease prevention and diagnosis, epidemic control and notification, veterinary drug

management, residue control, quarantine of livestock and poultry and their products at local levels.

There are four national veterinary research institutes across the country, namely, Institute of Animal Quarantine of MOA,

Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Shanghai Verminosis Research Institute, Lanzhou Veterinary Institute. The latter three

belong to China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. There are also many provincial veterinary research institutes that

constitute a network conducting studies on pathogenic control of animal diseases, etc.

2.1.4 Ministry of Health

The Ministry of Health, under which there are health supervision centers, health administrative departments at county level

and above and China CDC, is accountable for the State Council. Health supervision centers are administrative, executive

bodies, while China CDC is responsible for technical support. There are about 100,000 food supervisors and over 200,000 food

inspectors within the entry border food supervision services under the Ministry of Health.

2.2 Object and Scope of Import and Export Food Safety Control

2.2.1 Object—what needs to be controlled

2.2.1.1 Harmful existences: pathogenic microbes, pests (celozoic and ectozoic parasites, insects), weeds and other harmful

substances.

2.2.1.2 Residues: pesticides and veterinary drug residues, heavy metal, chemical toxins, toxic substances, trace elements,

etc.

2.2.1.3 Novel Foods: GMOs, growth promoters, health-care products, special nutrients, etc.

2.2.2 Scope of Food Safety Control

Scope—the whole supply chain including Production, Processing, Storage, Transportation, and Distribution

2.2.2.1 Production

2.2.2.2 Processing

2.2.2.3 Storage

2.2.2.4 Transportation

2.2.2.5 Distribution or Import & Export

3 Measures on Bio-security of Veterinary

3.1 Control of Animal Diseases by MOA

MOA and its related departments at local levels exert control over domestic animal diseases through measures on disease

prevention, quarantine, control and eradication, supervision of animal disease prevention and transportation administration.

All disease no matter it’s foreign or local, it should be reported and controlled in strict accordance with OIE regulations

and requirements.

3.2 Sanitary Control on Animals for slaughtering by Supervision and Quarantine Authorities

3.2.1 Disease Control and Quarantine Supervision on Farms

AQSIQ requires that all processing plants producing poultry meat for export should establish ‘five-unification’ management

system, i.e., unification of chick supply, unification of feed supply, unification of drug supply, unification of

vaccination, and unification of slaughtering; that all chicken for slaughtering must be from farms that have been put on file

by supervision and quarantine authorities.

Plant veterinarians and laboratories are subject to the control of local veterinary authorities and CIQs, who also supervise

and regulate feeding, disease-prevention, drug-application, immunization and disease control, and slaughtering in plants.
3.2.2 Ante- and Post-mortem Quarantine

Regulation for Entry-exit Meat Inspection and Quarantine, issued in October 2002 by AQSIQ, prescribes that CIQ at all levels

should perform ante-mortem and post-mortem quarantine supervision on poultries.

3.2.3 Detection and Monitoring of Animal Diseases

Competent quarantine and supervision authorities carry out ante-mortem detection and monitoring of AI and ND on poultries. To

identify AI or ND virus or its toxicity, swabs should be taken from the or pharynx or cloacae of poultries 3-5 days prior to

the date of slaughtering. No less than 30 samples should be taken from each flock. Fluorescent RT-PCR method or other methods

recommended by OIE may be used for the identification.

3.3 Animal Disease Alert Notification System

Stringent detection and control measures are always put in place in China to prevent against animal disease. The new

Administration approved by the first session of the tenth National People’s Congress are treating the prevention of animal

diseases in a more stringent and pragmatic way; as a result, the Alert Notification System is being operated in a more

accurate and efficient way. Having regard to the relevant regulations of OIE, once an animal disease is detected, the

following reporting and notification procedures will be strictly followed:

When list 1 disease, or a suspected disease is detected somewhere in China, the local animal production and health department

or CIQ shall respectively report to the MOA or AQSIQ within 12 hours, and at the same time, corresponding measures should be

promptly put in place based on relevant laws and regulations. MOA will report to FAO and other relevant international

organization on what’s being detected according to relevant laws and regulations.

4 Drug Residue Monitoring System

4.1 Implementation of Residue Monitoring Program

4.1.1 General Situation

Taking into account the requirements of the EU directive 96/22 and 96/23, MOA and the former General Administration of

Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China (now known as AQSIQ) developed ‘Chinese Residues Control Program

on Live Animals and Foodstuffs of Animal Origin’ in March 1999, which mainly included: laws and regulations related to

residue control; competent authorities concerned and their organization structures; lab inspection network; detailed official

sampling procedures; list of substances to be tested and analysis methods to be used; number of samples to be taken; measures

against non-compliant cases.

4.1.2 Products to be monitored

Residues monitoring program in 1999 covered broilers, rabbits, honey and fish. Cattle, pigs, horse, sheep, crawfish and

casings were added to the sampling plan of 2000, and the target of DES residue monitoring was specified from fish to eels.

The list of animals remained unchanged from 2001 to the following year. In 2003 based on the actual condition that the royal

jelly and honey are exported as two different commodities, royal jelly was added by AQSIQ to be listed in monitoring program.

4.1.3 Species and Catalog of Monitoring Substances and objective items

4.1.3.1 In 1999, 43 substances of 13 species were included in the RMP

4.1.3.2 In 2000, 62 substances of 17 species were included in the RMP

4.1.3.3 In 2001, 64 substances of 17 species were included in the RMP

4.1.3.4 In 2002, 87 substances of 18 species were included in the RMP

4.1.3.5 In 2003, 90 substances of 18 species were included in the RMP

4.1.4 Residue monitoring items and sample numbers

Based on the residue monitoring results in the previous year, especially on the feedback information of the positive

(non-compliance) results, and taking account of world-wide alert notifications, samples of some items to be taken will be

duly increased year by year; based on the reasonable suggestions in FVO inspection report and the problems of chloramphenicol

and nitrofuran which had been notified by EU in recent years, the monitoring items are being added in order to meet the

residue requirement of importing countries and regions such as the EU, Japan, Korea, Switzerland and HK. The list of

monitoring items will be updated and the monitoring system, improved in the following year.

4.1.4.1 In 2000 10 items were added compared with the monitoring program in 1999

4.1.4.2 In 2001 another 18 items were added compared with the monitoring program in 2000

4.1.4.3 In 2002 59 items were added compared with the monitoring program in 2001

4.1.4.4 In 2003 29 items were added compared with the monitoring program in 2002

4.1.5 Establishment and Improvement of sampling procedure and delivery procedure

For the purpose of ensuring fairness, lawfulness and scientificness of official sampling and handling of samples, and

representativeness of samples taken, ‘Official Sampling Procedure’ was stipulated in ‘Chinese Residue Control Program on

Live Animals and Foods of Animal origin (1999)’ based on the EU Directive 98/179/EC and the sampling methods recommended of

FAO/WHO Pesticide Residue Code Committee.

In February 2000, the following flow charts and recording sheets were improved and put into use in 2001 by the former General

Administration of Inspection and Quarantine (now known as AQSIQ): the whole CIQ residue monitoring work flow chart, CIQ

residue monitoring sampling flow chart, CIQ residue monitoring sampling sheet, CIQ residue monitoring sampling tag, CIQ

residue monitoring delivery sheet, CIQ residue monitoring testing results report sheet and the result statistics table.

In order to properly deliver the samples, in 2001, CIQ started to consign to DATONG International transportation Co. of

sample delivery by air express. Since then, samples have always been delivered this way.

The Official Sampling Procedure were further standardized in 2001. Technical Operation Key Point of the Veterinary Drug

Residue Monitoring Sampling Plan in 2001 and Operational Measures of Residue Monitoring Sampling were stipulated by MOA; CIQ

also set up various detailed sampling procedures for cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, chicken, rabbits, casings, eels, crayfish

and honey respectively. All of these technical guidance documents were distributed to local authorities with the annual

residue monitoring program together. The sampling could be stochastic and non-scheduled in the implementation of the Official

Sampling Procedure.

4.1.6 Residue monitored regions and their assigned sampling and testing tasks

Based on the implementation of the residue monitoring program in the previous year, the problems mentioned in the

implementation reports and residue monitoring plans for the coming year submitted by regional authorities, AQSIQ makes

reasonable adjustment on regional arrangement of the overall sampling and testing tasks.

For example, sampled regions have expanded from 12 regions in 1999 to the current 32 regions. Chloramphenicol and nitrofurans

were added to the sampling plan of 2003. In addition, in view of the increasing positive results in imported products, from

2003 onwards, residue sampling are applied to imported products, mainly in major entry borders/ports in the provinces of

Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanghai, Shandong, Tianjin and Shenzhen.

4.2 Other related assurance measures for residue monitoring

4.2.1 Setting up expert team for residue monitoring

AQSIQ has an expert team for residue monitoring who are regularly trained and are responsible for the collection of

information on residue limits and methods of analysis, and the studies of measures to be taken for residue monitoring in

China. With the development and expansion of residue monitoring work, AQSIQ has cultivated a group of residue monitoring

experts who are familiar with the laws and regulations of the EU, the Unite States, Canada, Japan and are accomplished in the

administration of residue monitoring, supervision and inspection. AQSIQ also has a group of technical experts accomplished in

residue analytic techniques and well informed of latest analytic development.
 
4.2.2 Foundation of National Drug Residue Monitoring Committee

Experts from MOA and other relevant departments were organized by MOA to form National Drug Residue Monitoring Committee. The

committee is responsible for the evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of residue monitoring plans and making

adjustment to the plans if necessary based on the data on domestic drug use, environmental protection, local residue control,

and the sale and use of pesticides and veterinary drugs. The committee is also responsible for the dialogues with relevant

international organizations, and the draft, examination and revision of annual residue monitoring plans.

4.2.3 Compilation of relevant regulations and technical documents

With a view to strengthening residue control and laboratory analysis and providing technical assistance to related

establishments, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug MRLs in Foodstuff in Different Countries was compiled and published in November

2002 by AQSIQ.

In July 2003, AQSIQ compiled and published Collection of Regulations and Circulars on animal origin foodstuff residue

monitoring, which was passed down to each directly-affiliated CIQ and related establishment for the purpose of thorough

implementation.

5 Implementation of Pathogen Control Program

5.1 Pathogen Control

5.1.1 （GMP，SSOP）

Food Hygiene regulation in China (GMP, SSOP)

ten hygiene regulation for food establishments for export

twenty domestic hygiene regulation

5.1.2 HACCP System

According to relevant hygiene requirements for the registration of food establishments, in China food establishments involved

in the production /processing of the following six categories of products must be operated in accordance with HACCP:

5.1.2.1 Instant frozen food containing meat or aquatic products

5.1.2.2 meat and meat products

5.1.2.3 Instant frozen vegetables

5.1.2.4 fruit/vegetable juice

5.1.2.5 canned products

5.1.2.6 Aquatic products (excluding live, fresh and frozen, air-dried, soused products)

5.2 Detection of Pathogen

5.2.1 Pathogen testing laboratories: built and operated in line with ISO/IEC17025; accredited by China Laboratory

Accreditation Committee

5.2.2 Quality Control: inter-laboratory proficiency tests are regularly held. Laboratories are also involved in active

participation in proficiency tests organized by Laboratory Accreditation Committee and international institutions like NATAL,

APECAL, CSL, etc.

5.2.3 testing methods: a variety of international, regional or national standard methods like FDA/BAM 8th, AOAC, ISO, NMKL,

GB, SN, ect

5.2.4 testing items: total bacterial count, O157, salmonellae, O157:H7, listeria monocytogenes, genus campylobacter,

staphylococcus aureus, Sh.dysenterae ect.

6 Laboratory Quality Assurance System

6.1 Laboratory Construction

In China there are altogether 8 reference laboratories for residue detection and 31 approved laboratories under AQSIQ, and 22

national key laboratories, 43 regional central laboratories, 6 routine laboratories are involved in animal disease detection.
There are 2 reference laboratories for residue detection and 32 approved laboratories under MOA.

6.1.1 reference laboratories

Responsibilities of Reference Laboratories: setting up and coordinating residue analysis methods and standards; assisting the

competent authorities in establishing and carrying out residue monitoring programs; participating in international

comparative tests and performance tests; organizing regular comparative tests and performance tests; collecting and

transferring information on international residue monitoring; offering domestic or international training programs for

analytical staff to improve their analytical skills.

6.1.2 Approved laboratories

Responsibilities of Approved Laboratories: presenting assigned testing results; strictly carrying out designated standards,

methods or detection limits for residue testing; participating in comparative tests organized by reference laboratories;

proposing to reference laboratories on improving testing methods.

6.2 Management of Laboratory Quality

All laboratories have been accredited by Laboratory Accreditation Committee and have adequate quality control documentation

in accordance with ISO/IEC-17025-1997.

The laboratories are finely staffed with employees who have been trained on residue analysis and are familiar with

international standards and practices. The laboratories are also equipped with adequate facilities and documentation to

complete assigned analysis projects. The laboratories have good administrative organizations, own latest CRMs and related

information, and possess sufficient data processing abilities, are able to rapidly submit statistical data and other

information to the competent authorities and at the same time, notifying other laboratories.

6.3 Laboratory Testing Methods

6.3.1 Routine Methods of analysis

Laboratories use testing methods in accordance with the laws of inspection and quarantine and the requirements of the

national residue monitoring program. Routine methods of analysis must be verified in the laboratory and can be used for the

purpose of screening and confirmation.

6.3.1.1 Screening Methods: used for the screening of one kind or one class of compounds; the sensitivity can meet the

requirement of residue detection. The methods must be suitable for samples of large numbers for potential positive results;

specifically designed to avoid false negative results.

6.3.1.2 Confirmatory Methods: used for confirmation, which provides full or complementary information for positive results,

specifically designed to avoid false positive results. The sensitivity can satisfy the requirements for residue detection.

6.3.2 Interpretation of Results

6.3.2.1 Positive Results: if the presence of a substance that must not be found in the sample is confirmed, the result is

regarded as "positive". For substance with an established maximum residue limit, the result of the analysis is considered as

‘positive’ in case the determined content of the identified compound in the sample is higher than the MRLs (in any

calibration).

6.3.2.2 Negative Results: if a substance that must not be detected in the sample has proved to be out of existence, the

result is regarded as "negative". For substances with established MRLs, the result is regarded as ‘negative’ in case the

content of the compound in the sample is lower than the MRLs.

6.3.3 Choosing of Methods of Analysis

6.3.3.1 Relevant Chinese national standards (GB) or Chinese industrial standards (SN)

6.3.3.2 Recognized standard methods, for instance, ISO methods

6.3.3.3 Standard Operational Practices (SOP) authorized by competent authorities or institutions.

6.3.4 Quality Control

6.3.4.1 Analytical methods must be approved or validated thoroughly before put into use;

6.3.4.2 It has been stipulated that only those who have been examined and qualified can handle sample analysis, calculation,

recording and checking of results;

6.3.4.3 Use control samples, including certified reference materials (CRM), or other laboratory reference materials

calibrated by the standard substances recognized internationally. Samples analyzed each time should be paralleled with

quality control samples

6.3.4.4 Recovery, linearity and calibration curve should be checked by spiked samples (with target component or internal

standard).

6.3.4.5 Main testing facilities should meet the requirements of analytical methods, and be verified and maintained regularly.

6.3.4.6 Data calculation should be presented in detail. The results must meet statistical quality control requirements.

6.3.5 Participating in Comparative Tests and Performance Tests

Although there are few international tests on residue testing performance, quite a lot of CIQ laboratories participated in

international comparative tests and performance tests in recent years: 35 laboratories have been accredited by Japanese

Ministry of Welfare and Labor; 9 laboratories from Zhejiang and Shanghai took part in tea residue detection performance tests

organized by TPA and have been accredited by European Tea Committee; Laboratories from Liaoning, Zhejiang and Shanghai

participated in performance tests organized by APLAC; commodity inspection research institutes in Qinhuangdao and Dalian

participated in AOAC testing method co-experiment (on items of Clopitol, pyrethroids, etc.) In the meantime, State Laboratory

Accreditation Committee frequently organizes nationwide laboratory performance tests, blind sample tests and comparative

tests.

7 Risk alarm and Rapid Response

7.1 Object and Scope of Risk alert & Rapid Response Mechanism
Chemical, physical or biological contaminants that have or may have or have potential hazardous effect on human health,

including pathogens, pests, pesticide and drug residues, heavy metal residues, toxins, and animal-derived food products

non-compliant with labeling requirements, etc.

7.2 Contracture of Organization and Management of risk alert

7.2.1 AQSIQ plays a leading role in the management of Risk Alert and Quick Responding System for imported and exported food

products of animal origin, with Import and Export Food Safety Bureau taking care of the actual implementation.

7.2.2 Risk Alert and Quick Responding Office (which is under Standards, Law and Regulation Center, known also as Risk Alert

Office) deals with daily affairs associated with risk alert.

7.2.3 Provincial/local CIQ designates corresponding bodies to deal with risk alert and quick responding affairs.

7.3 Risk alert measures

7.3.1 To issue alert notifications to provincial/local CIQ, to strengthen inspection, supervision on specific entry-exit

commodities/consignments, and to take effective measures to bring risks, if any, under control.

7.3.2 To release alert notifications reminding domestic and foreign producers and relevant authorities to take proper

measures for the purpose of removing or reducing risks.

7.3.3 To publicize alert notifications enhancing consumers' awareness of the risk a certain animal-originated food product

may impose.

7.4 Rapid Response

7.4.1 Rapid response of Entry-exit inspection and quarantine

7.4.1.1 Border controls: if non-compliant products are found by CIQ, responding restrictive measures will be taken in line

with relevant laws and regulations; if found to be seriously non-compliant, products shall be rejected or destroyed, and the

entry/exit of them shall not be allowed.

7.4.1.2 Routine controls: if non-compliant products are found in routine analysis, the products shall be closely supervised,

and follow-up measures like the increase of sampling percentage, testing items and consignments, detaining, mandatory

recalls, shall be taken.

7.4.1.3 When there are reports on hazardous products in a third country, corresponding measures, such as strengthening

supervision on the establishments that produce, process or store products that may pose risks; if non-compliance is

confirmed, the registration number and/or labeling certificate of animal products for import/export of the establishment(s)

will be annulled.

7.4.2 Emergent Control Measures

7.4.2.1 Imported/exported animal products that may produce severe hazardous effect will be detained for further analysis, the

movement of which shall be restricted until risk assessment is made based on collected information.

7.4.2.2 Imported/exported animal products that are confirmed to have Class A hazardous effect shall be rejected at border, to

be destroyed or recalled; and if necessary, the State Council shall be suggested to take measures to close border post(s)

involved.

7.4.3 Recall Management Procedure

When exported food products are confirmed to be unsafe or unsuitable for human consumption, the competent authorities shall

issue recall notifications to the producers/exporters involved, and coupled with that, export suspension announcements will

also be issued. Producers involved, upon the arrival of recall notifications, shall suspend the export of the affected food

products within 3 days; exporters involved, upon the arrival of recall notifications, shall start to recall the affected

products within 5 days. Recall records shall be kept in line with recall procedure requirements; recall reports shall be

submitted to the competent authorities upon the completion of recall procedures. The competent authorities or their

designated agencies are responsible for the review and verification of recalls made to ensure its accordance with recall

plans.

8 Management of Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine

8.1  Risk Analysis

Imported meat products must come from non-epizootic disease countries or regions. The competent authority of the countries or

regions that intended to export meat products to China should provide information about animal health statue and the outbreak

of epizootic disease , complete an animal disease questionnaire.

8.2 Signing Bilateral Agreement

The competent authority of exporting country should sign bilateral agreements with General Administration of Quality

Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of P.R.C (AQSIQ ). on importing of meat products.

8.3 On-site review and registration of foreign establishments

The export-oriented facilities of foreign countries and regions should apply for registration  to Certification and

Accreditation Administration of the people’s Republic of China (CNCA ), The imported meat products must come from the

facilities that approved by CNCA, and the production of meat products should be put under the supervision of the official

inspector

8.4 Inspection and Quarantine

8.4.1 Import Permit

Base on the statement of article 5 and 10 in Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant

Quarantine, and statement of article 9and 10 in The Regulation for implementation of Law of the People's Republic of China on

Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine , The Import Permit System requires whoever imports animal quarantine objects or

transports transit quarantine objects shall submit an application, go through the formalities for approval of quarantine and

get the Import Permit of Entry Animal and Plant Quarantine of People’s Republic of China in advance. Some detailed

information is in “The list of Import Permit of animal and plant quarantine” (Announcement No.2, 2002,AQSIQ)

8.4.2 Quarantine Declaration

Quarantine declaration system requires whoever imports and exports inspection and quarantine objects or transports transit

inspection and quarantine objects shall apply to relevant entry-exit inspection and quarantine authorities in advance on

strength of the necessary documents such as Declaration form, the import permit, the health certificate of origin and trade

contracts etc.

8.4.3 On-spots Inspection and Quarantine

On arrival at a port of entry-exit inspection and quarantine objects, the inspection and quarantine authority shall embark on

a ship, a vehicle or an airplane to perform quarantine by the Law, including documents check and identity check, and

preventive disinfections.

If necessary, the samples will be taken at random for laboratory tests

8.4.4 Laboratory Tests

The items, methods and standards of laboratory tests for Products of Animal Origin for Export & Import are specified in the

list of diseases, bilateral quarantine protocol, trade contracts or agreements. The inspection items include Harmful

existences( pathogenic microbes, celozoic and ectozoic parasites, insects, weeds and other harmful substance)

;Residues(pesticides and veterinary drug residues, heavy metal, chemical toxins, toxic substances, trace elements) etc.

8.4.5 Supervision on Inspection and Quarantine

Inspection and Quarantine supervision requires that the whole process of the production, processing and storage of Products

of Animal Origin for Export & Import shall be under the supervision and surveillance.

8.4.6 Inspection & Quarantine Release and Inspection & Quarantine Treatments

Inspection Release means the measure shall be taken for the inspection and quarantine objects which have passed the

quarantine inspection.

Quarantine treatments means all kinds of measures shall be taken for the inspection and quarantine objects fails to

quarantine inspection, including rejection, destruction (killing) and inactivation of harmful organism (by disinfections or

fumigation).